背景:肿瘤细胞特有的代谢或增殖异常可导致纤溶或凝血系统活性异常,某些肿瘤表现出高凝性或以纤维蛋白溶解状态存在。然而,在试图区分良性胆囊疾病和恶性胆囊肿瘤时,凝血和纤溶生物标志物的效用仍不确定。
方法:本研究共纳入81例良性胆囊息肉患者和94例恶性胆囊肿瘤患者。活检前或治疗前PT水平,APTT,FIB,D-二聚体,FDP,PLT,PIC,TAT,TM,使用Mann-Whitney检验比较了这些患者的t-PAIC。采用卡方检验对患者的基线资料进行分析,并使用ROC曲线评估这些生物标志物在区分良性和恶性胆囊病变中的诊断效用,采用Spearman相关分析评估这些指标与肿瘤参数之间的相关性。
结果:恶性胆囊肿瘤组平均年龄高于良性胆囊息肉组。基线分析表明,年龄存在统计差异,吸烟史,饮酒,胆道疾病,这两组之间的体重指数超标。在恶性胆囊肿瘤患者中,FIB,D-二聚体,FDP,PIC,TAT,TM,与良性胆囊息肉患者相比,t-PAIC水平显着升高。FIB的AUC,D-二聚体,FDP为0.8469、0.6514、0.5950,而PIC为,TAT,TM,t-PAIC和四种生物标志物联合诊断为0.8455、0.6554、0.7130、0.6806和0.8859。其中,TM与肿瘤患者的血管侵犯有关;TAT和t-PAIC与神经侵犯有关;D-二聚体和FDP与肿瘤最大直径有关;FDP与肿瘤分期有一定的相关性。
结论:在胆囊肿瘤患者中,常规凝血指标,如FIB,D-二聚体,FDP,以及较新的血栓形成指标,如PIC,TAT,TM,和t-PAIC,明显增加。与肿瘤参数的相关性表明,它们具有作为生物标志物区分良性和恶性胆囊生长的潜力。
BACKGROUND: The metabolic or proliferative abnormalities that are characteristic of tumor cells can lead to abnormal fibrinolysis or coagulation system activity, with certain tumors exhibiting hypercoagulability or existing in a fibrinolytic state. However, the utility of biomarkers of coagulation and fibrinolysis when seeking to differentiate between benign gallbladder disease and malignant gallbladder tumors remains uncertain.
METHODS: This study included a total of 81 patients with benign gallbladder polyps and 94 patients with malignant gallbladder tumors. Pre-biopsy or pretreatment levels of PT, APTT, FIB, D-dimer, FDP, PLT, PIC, TAT, TM, and t-PAIC from these patients were compared using Mann-Whitney tests. The baseline data of the patients were analyzed using chi-square tests, and the diagnostic utility of these biomarkers in distinguishing between benign and malignant gallbladder lesions was evaluated using ROC curves, and Spearman correlation analysis was employed to assess the correlation between these indicators and tumor parameters.
RESULTS: The average age of malignant gallbladder tumor group was higher than benign gallbladder polyp group. And the base line analysis showed that there was a statistic difference in age, history of smoking, drinking, biliary tract disease, BMI of over weight between these two groups. In patients with malignant gallbladder tumors, FIB, D-dimer, FDP, PIC, TAT, TM, and t-PAIC levels were significantly elevated relative to those in patients affected by benign gallbladder polyp. The AUC for FIB, D-dimer, and FDP was 0.8469, 0.6514, 0.5950, while for PIC, TAT, TM, t-PAIC and four biomarker combined diagnosed was 0.8455, 0.6554, 0.7130, 0.6806, and 0.8859. Among these, TM was associated with the vascular invasion of tumor patients; TAT and t-PAIC were associated with neural invasion; D-dimer and FDP were related to the maximum tumor diameter; and FDP had a certain correlation with the tumor stage.
CONCLUSIONS: In gallbladder tumor patients, conventional coagulation metrics like FIB, D-dimer, and FDP, as well as newer thrombotic indicators such as PIC, TAT, TM, and t-PAIC, were obviously increased. Correlations with tumor parameters suggested their potential as biomarkers to distinguish benign from malignant gallbladder growths.